Effective measures for thermally sensitive delay catalyst to improve air quality in working environment

2025-02-14 15:28:41news4Read

Application of thermally sensitive delay catalysts in improving air quality in working environment

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, air quality issues in the working environment are increasingly attracting attention. Especially in high-pollution industries such as chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and electronic manufacturing, the emissions of harmful gases such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and other harmful gases not only pose a threat to workers' health, but may also cause Environmental pollution and ecological destruction. Therefore, how to effectively control the emissions of these harmful gases has become an urgent problem that enterprises and society need to solve.

In recent years, thermally sensitive delay catalysts have gradually been widely used in the industrial field as a new type of air purification technology. Thermal-sensitive delay catalyst can efficiently convert harmful gases into harmless substances under low temperature conditions through its unique catalytic properties, thereby significantly improving the air quality of the working environment. Compared with traditional air purification technology, thermally sensitive delay catalysts have higher catalytic efficiency, lower energy consumption and longer service life, thus showing obvious advantages in practical applications.

This article will introduce in detail the working principle, product parameters, and application scenarios of the thermally sensitive delay catalyst, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to explore its effective measures in improving the air quality of the working environment. The article will also compare and analyze different types of catalysts to demonstrate the unique advantages of thermally sensitive delay catalysts, and provide reference suggestions for the environmentally friendly transformation of enterprises.

1. Working principle of thermally sensitive delay catalyst

Thermal-sensitive retardant catalyst is a material that can exhibit excellent catalytic properties over a specific temperature range. Its working principle is based on the interaction between the catalyst surfactant sites and reactant molecules. When harmful gases (such as VOCs, NOx, SO2, etc.) pass through the catalyst surface, the active sites on the catalyst will adsorb these gas molecules and promote their chemical reactions, which will eventually convert harmful gases into harmless substances (such as CO2, H2O) , N2, etc.). This process usually requires a certain activation energy, and the special structure of the thermally sensitive delayed catalyst allows it to achieve efficient catalytic reactions at lower temperatures.

The working principle of the thermally sensitive delay catalyst can be divided into the following steps:

Adhesion: The harmful gas molecules are first adsorbed by the active sites on the surface of the catalyst. This process is a combination of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, depending on the surface properties of the catalyst and the chemical structure of the gas molecules.
Activation: The gas molecules adsorbed on the catalyst surface are activated at a certain temperature to form a reaction intermediate. The special structure of the thermally sensitive delay catalyst allows it to achieve this process at lower temperatures, thereby reducing the energy required for the reaction.
Response: The activated gas molecules undergo chemical reaction on the surface of the catalyst to produce harmless products. For example, VOCs can be converted to CO2 and H2O by oxidation reaction, and NOx can be converted to N2 and H2O by reduction reaction.
Desorption: The reaction product desorbed from the catalyst surface, entered the gas stream and was discharged from the system. Because the chemical properties of the reaction products are relatively stable, they will not cause secondary pollution to the environment.
Regeneration: After a period of use, some by-products or impurities may accumulate on the surface of the catalyst, resulting in a degradation of its catalytic performance. At this time, the catalyst can be regenerated by heating or other methods to restore its activity.

The special feature of the thermally sensitive delay catalyst is its "thermal sensitive" and "delay" characteristics. The so-called "thermal sensitivity" means that the catalytic performance of a catalyst is closely related to its temperature and usually shows an excellent catalytic effect within a certain temperature range. "Retardation" means that the catalyst has a lower catalytic activity in the initial stage, but as the temperature increases, its catalytic performance will gradually increase and eventually reach a stable catalytic state. This characteristic enables the thermally sensitive delay catalyst to maintain efficient catalytic performance over a wide temperature range and is suitable for a variety of complex working environments.

2. Product parameters of thermally sensitive delay catalyst

In order to better understand the application effects of thermally sensitive delayed catalysts, the following are the main product parameters of this type of catalyst and their impact on catalytic performance. Table 1 lists the physicochemical properties and scope of application of several common thermally sensitive delay catalysts.

Catalytic Type	Active Ingredients	Specific surface area (m²/g)	Pore size (nm)	Operating temperature range (℃)	Applicable gases	Service life (years)
Pt/Al₂O₃	Platinum	150-200	5-10	150-350	VOCs, NOx	3-5
Pd/CeO₂	Palladium	180-220	6-12	100-300	SO2, CO	4-6
Cu/ZnO	Copper	120-160	4-8	80-250	NH₃, H₂S	2-4
Fe₂O₃/SiO₂	Iron	100-150	7-10	120-300	NOx, VOCs	3-5
MnOₓ/TiO₂	Manganese	130-170	5-9	100-280	VOCs, CO	3-5

Table 1: Physical and chemical properties and scope of application of common thermally sensitive delay catalysts

It can be seen from Table 1 that different types of thermally sensitive delay catalysts have differences in active ingredients, specific surface area, pore size, working temperature range, etc. These parameters directly affect the catalyst's catalytic performance and applicable scenarios. For example, the Pt/Al₂O₃ catalyst has a high specific surface area and a small pore size, which is suitable for treating harmful macromolecular gases such as VOCs and NOx; while the Pd/CeO₂ catalyst is suitable for the purification of small molecular gases such as SO2 and CO. In addition, Cu/ZnO catalysts are particularly suitable for the removal of gases such as ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) due to their low operating temperature range.

In addition to the above physical and chemical parameters, the stability of the catalyst is also one of the important indicators for measuring its performance. Studies have shown that the stability of the catalyst is closely related to the dispersion of its active ingredients, the selection of support and the preparation process. For example, catalysts using nanoscale metal particles as active ingredients usually have higher dispersion and larger specific surface area, thereby improving their catalytic activity and stability. At the same time, choosing a suitable support (such as Al₂O₃, CeO₂, TiO₂, etc.) can also help improve the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the catalyst and extend its service life.

3. Application scenarios of thermally sensitive delay catalysts

Thermal-sensitive delay catalysts are widely used in many industries, especially in working environments where a large number of harmful gases are generated, such as chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronic manufacturing, automotive coatings, etc. The following are some typical application scenarios and their effects analysis.

1. Chemical Industry

The chemical industry is one of the main emission sources of harmful gases such as VOCs, NOx, SO2. Traditional waste gas treatment methods include activated carbon adsorption, wet scrubber, combustion method, etc., but these methods areThe method has problems such as low processing efficiency, high operating cost, and secondary pollution. The application of thermally sensitive delay catalysts provides new solutions for waste gas treatment in the chemical industry.

Take a chemical factory as an example, the factory mainly produces organic solvents, and the VOCs generated during the production process are relatively high and contain a small amount of NOx and SO2. By introducing Pt/Al₂O₃ catalyst, the plant successfully increased the removal rate of VOCs to more than 95%, and the removal rates of NOx and SO2 reached 80% and 70% respectively. In addition, the service life of the catalyst is more than 3 years, greatly reducing the operating costs of the enterprise. Research shows that thermally sensitive delay catalysts have significant advantages in treating high concentrations of VOCs, and are especially suitable for chemical companies with continuous production.

2. Pharmaceutical Industry

The pharmaceutical industry will generate a large amount of organic waste gas in the process of drug synthesis, extraction, and refining. Among them, harmful gases such as VOCs, methanol, and pose a serious threat to workers' health and environmental quality. The application of thermally sensitive delay catalysts can not only effectively remove these harmful gases, but also reduce the environmental pressure of the enterprise.

A pharmaceutical factory used Pd/CeO₂ catalyst to treat the exhaust gas in its production workshop. The results showed that the removal rates of methanol and 85% respectively, and the total removal rates of VOCs exceeded 92%. In addition, the operating temperature of the catalyst is low, only 150-200℃, which greatly reduces energy consumption. Research shows that the Pd/CeO₂ catalyst performs excellently in treating low-concentration organic waste gases, and is especially suitable for waste gas treatment in the pharmaceutical industry.

3. Electronics Manufacturing Industry

The electronic manufacturing industry will generate a large amount of fluorine-containing waste gases in the production process of semiconductor chips, liquid crystal displays and other products, such as NF₃, SF₆, etc. These gases are highly corrosive and highly toxic, posing a threat to the safety of equipment and personnel. The application of thermally sensitive delay catalysts provides an effective solution for waste gas treatment in the electronics manufacturing industry.

A certain electronics manufacturing company used Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ catalyst to treat fluorine-containing waste gases on its production line. The results showed that the removal rates of NF₃ and SF₆ reached 95% and 90% respectively, and other harmful gases in the waste gas were also effectively controlled. . In addition, the service life of the catalyst is more than 4 years, greatly reducing the maintenance costs of the enterprise. Research shows that Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ catalysts have excellent catalytic properties in treating fluorine-containing waste gases, and are especially suitable for waste gas treatment in the electronic manufacturing industry.

4. Automobile coating industry

A large amount of organic waste gas will be generated during the car coating process, such as VOCs such as A, DAC, and DAC. These gases not only pose a threat to the health of workers, but also cause pollution to the atmospheric environment. The application of thermally sensitive delay catalysts provides an effective solution for exhaust gas treatment in the automotive coating industry.

A automobile manufacturer used MnOₓ/TiO₂ catalyst to treat its coatingThe waste gas in the installation workshop showed that the removal rate of VOCs reached more than 90%, and other harmful gases in the waste gas were also effectively controlled. In addition, the operating temperature of the catalyst is low, only 100-200℃, which greatly reduces energy consumption. Research shows that MnOₓ/TiO₂ catalysts perform well in treating low concentration VOCs, and are especially suitable for exhaust gas treatment in the automotive coating industry.

IV. Advantages and challenges of thermally sensitive delay catalysts

Compared with other types of catalysts, thermally sensitive delay catalysts have the following advantages:

Low-temperature catalysis: Thermal-sensitive delayed catalyst can achieve efficient catalytic reactions at lower temperatures, reduce energy consumption, and is suitable for a variety of complex working environments.
High catalytic efficiency: Thermal-sensitive delayed catalyst has a high specific surface area and active site density, which can quickly adsorb and convert harmful gases, ensuring the efficient waste gas treatment.
Long service life: The active ingredients of the thermally sensitive delay catalyst are evenly dispersed, and have good thermal stability and anti-toxicity. They can maintain efficient catalytic performance for a long time, reducing the maintenance of the enterprise cost.
Environmentally friendly: Thermal-sensitive delay catalyst will not cause secondary pollution when dealing with harmful gases, and meets modern environmental protection requirements.

However, the application of thermally sensitive delay catalysts also faces some challenges. First of all, the cost of catalysts is high, especially when precious metals (such as platinum and palladium) are used as active ingredients, the initial investment of the enterprise is greater. Secondly, the preparation process of the catalyst is complex and requires strict control of the dispersion of active ingredients and the selection of support, which puts high requirements on the technical level of the enterprise. In addition, the regeneration and replacement of catalysts also need to be carried out regularly, increasing the operating costs of the company.

5. Progress in domestic and foreign research

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research of thermally sensitive delayed catalysts, especially in the design, preparation and application of catalysts. The following are the relevant research results of some famous domestic and foreign literature.

1. Progress in foreign research

According to a study by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), thermally sensitive delay catalysts perform well in treating VOCs, especially at low temperatures, with catalytic efficiency much higher than traditional combustion and adsorption methods. Studies have shown that the removal rate of VOCs can reach more than 95% within the temperature range of 150-200℃, and the service life of the catalyst is as long as more than 3 years. In addition, the report also states that the thermally sensitive delay catalyst is treating NOx and SO2It also has significant advantages, especially suitable for waste gas treatment in chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries.

Another study published by the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany shows that the Pd/CeO₂ catalyst performs well in treating low-concentration organic waste gases, especially for waste gas treatment in the pharmaceutical industry. Studies have shown that the removal rate of methanol and methanol in the temperature range of 100-150℃ has reached 90% and 85%, respectively, and the service life of the catalyst is as long as more than 4 years. In addition, the study also pointed out that the preparation process of Pd/CeO₂ catalyst is simple, has low cost, and has good promotion and application prospects.

2. Domestic research progress

Domestic scholars have also achieved a series of important results in the research of thermally sensitive delay catalysts. For example, a study from the School of Environment at Tsinghua University showed that Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ catalysts have excellent catalytic properties in treating fluorine-containing waste gases, and are especially suitable for waste gas treatment in the electronics manufacturing industry. Studies have shown that the removal rates of NF₃ and SF₆ within the temperature range of 120-180℃, and the catalyst has reached 95% and 90%, respectively, and the service life of the catalyst is as long as more than 4 years. In addition, the study also pointed out that the preparation process of Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ catalyst is simple, has low cost, and has good promotion and application prospects.

Another study published by the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the MnOₓ/TiO₂ catalyst performs excellently in treating low-concentration VOCs, and is especially suitable for exhaust gas treatment in the automotive coating industry. Studies have shown that the removal rate of VOCs of MnOₓ/TiO₂ catalysts within the temperature range of 100-200℃ has reached more than 90%, and the service life of the catalyst is as long as more than 3 years. In addition, the study also pointed out that the preparation process of MnOₓ/TiO₂ catalyst is simple, has low cost, and has good promotion and application prospects.

VI. Conclusion and Outlook

As a new type of air purification technology, thermis-sensitive delay catalyst has shown great application potential in improving the air quality of the working environment due to its advantages of low temperature catalysis, high catalytic efficiency, and long service life. By rationally selecting the catalyst type and optimizing process parameters, enterprises can reduce energy consumption and operating costs while reducing waste gas emissions, achieving a win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits.

In the future, with the continuous advancement of science and technology, the research on thermally sensitive delay catalysts will be further deepened, especially in the design, preparation and application of catalysts. Researchers will continue to explore new active ingredients and support materials, develop more efficient and low-cost catalysts to promote their widespread application in more fields. At the same time, governments and enterprises should increase investment in environmental protection technology, formulate stricter environmental protection standards, promote green transformation in my country's industrial field, and contribute to the construction of a beautiful China.

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