Introduction
The tertiary amine catalyst CS90 is increasingly used in the molding of complex shape products, and its unique properties make it an indispensable part of modern industrial production. The molding process of complex-shaped products requires high precision, high strength and excellent surface quality, which puts strict requirements on the selection of catalysts. Traditional catalysts are difficult to meet these needs in some cases, and the tertiary amine catalyst CS90 has gradually become the first choice in the field of forming complex shape products with its excellent catalytic efficiency, wide applicability and good processing performance.
This article will discuss in detail the special contribution of tertiary amine catalyst CS90 in the molding of complex shape products, including its product parameters, chemical structure, catalytic mechanism, application fields, and comparative analysis with other catalysts. In addition, the article will also cite a large number of famous foreign and domestic documents to ensure the authoritative and scientific content. Through a comprehensive analysis of CS90, readers can gain an in-depth understanding of its important role in the molding of complex shape products and provide valuable reference for research and application in related fields.
Product parameters of CS90, tertiary amine catalyst
Term amine catalyst CS90 is a high-performance tertiary amine catalyst, which is widely used in the curing reaction of materials such as polyurethane (PU), epoxy resin (EP). The following are the main product parameters of CS90:
| parameter name | parameter value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Triamine (TEA) | – |
| Appearance | Colorless to slightly yellow transparent liquid | – |
| Density | 1.08-1.10 | g/cm³ |
| Viscosity | 25-35 | mPa·s |
| Moisture content | ≤0.5 | % |
| Nitrogen content | 9.0-9.5 | % |
| pH value | 7.0-9.0 | – |
| Flashpoint | ≥95 | °C |
| SolutionSolution | Easy soluble in water, alcohols, and ketone solvents | – |
| Thermal Stability | Stable below 150°C | °C |
| Storage temperature | 5-30°C | °C |
| Shelf life | 12 months | month |
Chemical structure and molecular formula
The chemical structure of the tertiary amine catalyst CS90 is Triethanolamine (TEA), and its molecular formula is C6H15NO3. TEA is an organic compound with three hydroxyl groups and one nitrogen atom, and its molecular structure imparts its unique catalytic properties. Specifically, the three hydroxyl groups of TEA can react with a variety of functional groups, while nitrogen atoms can effectively promote the formation of hydrogen bonds, thereby accelerating the curing reaction.
Physical and chemical properties
The physicochemical properties of CS90 determine its excellent performance in the molding of complex shape products. First, its low viscosity allows it to be evenly distributed in complex molds, ensuring uniform curing of the product. Secondly, CS90 has high thermal stability and can remain stable below 150°C, avoiding decomposition or failure problems caused by high temperature. In addition, CS90 has good solubility, is compatible with a variety of solvents, and is easy to mix with other additives. Later, the moisture content of CS90 is lower, reducing the possible bubbles and cracks during the curing process and improving the quality of the product.
Safety and Environmental Protection
The CS90 performs outstandingly in terms of safety and environmental protection. According to the relevant provisions of the International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC), CS90 is a low-toxic substance that is irritating to the skin and eyes, but will not cause serious harm to the human body. At the same time, CS90 has lower volatility, reducing environmental pollution. During storage and transportation, CS90 should avoid contact with strong acids and strong alkalis to prevent chemical reactions. Overall, the safety and environmental protection of CS90 meet the requirements of modern industrial production.
Catalytic mechanism of CS90, tertiary amine catalyst
The catalytic mechanism of the tertiary amine catalyst CS90 is the basis for its critical role in the molding of complex shape products. As a highly efficient tertiary amine catalyst, CS90 accelerates the curing process of polyurethane (PU) by promoting the reaction between isocyanate (NCO) and polyol (OH). Specifically, the catalytic mechanism of CS90 can be divided into the following steps:
1. Hydrogen bond formation
The nitrogen atoms in the CS90 molecule have relatively highStrong electron donor capability can form hydrogen bonds with NCO groups in isocyanate molecules. This formation of hydrogen bonds not only reduces the activity of the NCO group, but also increases its contact opportunity with polyol molecules, thereby promoting subsequent reactions. Studies have shown that the formation of hydrogen bonds is the first and critical step in the catalytic action of CS90.
2. Reduced activation energy
On the basis of hydrogen bond formation, CS90 further reduces the reaction activation energy between isocyanate and polyol. According to the transition state theory, the function of the catalyst is to reduce the activation energy of the reaction by changing the reaction path, thereby accelerating the reaction rate. CS90 changes the original reaction path by forming an intermediate with the reactants, making the reaction easier to proceed. Experimental data show that after adding CS90, the curing time of polyurethane is significantly shortened and the curing temperature is also reduced.
3. Accelerate reaction rate
The catalytic effect of CS90 is not only reflected in reducing activation energy, but also in accelerating the reaction rate. Since CS90 can effectively promote the formation of hydrogen bonds and the reduction of activation energy, the collision frequency between reactants increases, and the reaction rate also accelerates. Research shows that the addition of CS90 can increase the curing rate of polyurethane by 2-3 times, greatly shortening the production cycle and improving production efficiency.
4. Product stability enhancement
In addition to accelerating the reaction rate, CS90 can also enhance the stability of the product. During the curing process, CS90 adjusts the reaction conditions to make the generated polyurethane molecular chain more regular and reduces the occurrence of side reactions. This not only improves the mechanical properties of the product, but also improves the heat and chemical resistance of the product. Experimental results show that CS90-catalyzed polyurethane products have higher strength and better surface quality.
5. Selective Catalysis
Another important characteristic of CS90 is its selective catalysis. In complex multicomponent systems, CS90 can preferentially catalyze specific reactions to avoid unnecessary side reactions. For example, during the preparation of polyurethane foam, CS90 can selectively catalyze the reaction of isocyanate with water without affecting the reaction of other components. This selective catalytic action gives CS90 a unique advantage in the molding of complex shape articles.
Application of tertiary amine catalyst CS90 in molding of complex shape products
The tertiary amine catalyst CS90 is widely used in the molding of complex shape products, especially in the curing reactions of materials such as polyurethane (PU) and epoxy resin (EP). The molding process of complex-shaped products requires high precision, high strength and excellent surface quality, which puts strict requirements on the selection of catalysts. With its excellent catalytic efficiency, wide applicability and good processing performance, CS90 has gradually become the first choice in the field of forming complex shape products.
1. Polyurethane products
Polyurethane (PU) is an important polymer material and is widely used in automobiles, construction, furniture and other fields. During the molding process of polyurethane products, CS90 plays an important role as a catalyst. The specific application is as follows:
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Auto interior parts: Automobile interior parts such as seats, instrument panels, etc. need to have good flexibility and impact resistance. CS90 can accelerate the curing reaction of polyurethane, shorten the production cycle, and improve the mechanical properties of the product. Research shows that CS90-catalyzed polyurethane interior parts have higher wear resistance and better surface quality.
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Building Insulation Materials: Polyurethane foam is a commonly used building insulation material with excellent thermal insulation properties. CS90 plays a key role in the preparation of polyurethane foam. It can effectively control the foaming speed and density of the foam to ensure the uniformity and stability of the foam. Experimental results show that after adding CS90, the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam was reduced by 10%-15%, and the insulation effect was significantly improved.
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Furniture Products: Furniture products such as sofas, mattresses, etc. need to have good comfort and durability. CS90 can accelerate the curing reaction of polyurethane, shorten the production cycle, and improve the elasticity and resilience of the product. Research shows that CS90-catalyzed polyurethane furniture products have better comfort and longer service life.
2. Epoxy resin products
Epoxy resin (EP) is a high-performance thermosetting resin that is widely used in electronics, aerospace, automobiles and other fields. During the molding process of epoxy resin products, CS90 also plays an important role as a catalyst. The specific application is as follows:
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Electronic Packaging Materials: Electronic Packaging Materials need to have good insulation and heat resistance. CS90 can accelerate the curing reaction of epoxy resin, shorten the production cycle, and improve the electrical performance of the product. Research shows that CS90-catalyzed epoxy resin packaging materials have higher insulation resistance and better heat resistance.
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Aerospace Composites: Aerospace Composites need to have the characteristics of lightweight, high strength and corrosion resistance. CS90 plays a key role in the preparation of epoxy resin composites. It can effectively control the speed and degree of curing reaction and ensure the uniformity and stability of the composite material. Experimental results show that after adding CS90, the tensile strength and bending strength of epoxy resin composites have been increased by 15% and 20%, respectively, and the mechanical properties have been significantly improved.
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AutoCar parts: Auto parts such as engine hoods, intake manifolds, etc. need to have good heat resistance and impact resistance. CS90 can accelerate the curing reaction of epoxy resin, shorten the production cycle, and improve the mechanical properties of the product. Research shows that epoxy resin automotive parts catalyzed by CS90 have higher heat resistance and better impact resistance.
3. Other applications
In addition to polyurethane and epoxy resin products, CS90 has also been widely used in other fields. For example, CS90 also plays an important role in the preparation process of coatings, adhesives, sealing materials and other products. It can accelerate curing reactions, shorten production cycles, and improve product performance. Research shows that coatings, adhesives and sealing materials catalyzed by CS90 have better adhesion, weathering and chemical resistance.
Comparative analysis of tertiary amine catalyst CS90 and other catalysts
To better understand the advantages of tertiary amine catalyst CS90 in the molding of complex shape products, it is necessary to perform a comparative analysis with other common catalysts. The following is a comparison of the performance of several common catalysts:
| Catalytic Type | Catalytic Efficiency | Scope of application | Processing Performance | Security | Cost | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Term amine catalyst CS90 | High | Wide | Excellent | Better | Medium | [1] |
| Organotin Catalyst | High | Limited | General | Poor | High | [2] |
| Metal Salt Catalyst | Medium | Limited | General | Better | Low | [3] |
| Acidic Catalyst | Low | Limited | Poor | Better | Low | [4] |
| Basic Catalyst | Medium | Limited | General | Better | Low | [5] |
1. Organotin catalyst
Organotin catalyst is a common type of polyurethane curing catalyst with high catalytic efficiency. However, the application range of organotin catalysts is relatively limited and is mainly suitable for the preparation of soft polyurethane foams. In addition, organotin catalysts are poor in safety, and long-term exposure may cause harm to human health. Therefore, although organotin catalysts perform well in certain fields, they are not suitable for molding of complex shape articles.
2. Metal Salt Catalyst
Metal salt catalysts such as zinc salt, iron salt, etc. have certain application value in epoxy resin curing reaction. They have medium catalytic efficiency and are suitable for some simple product molding. However, the processing properties of metal salt catalysts are average and it is difficult to meet the high-precision requirements of complex-shaped products. In addition, metal salt catalysts are cheaper, but in some high-end applications, their performance cannot be compared with the CS90.
3. Acid catalyst
Acidic catalysts such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, etc. have catalytic effects in certain polymerization reactions. However, the catalytic efficiency of acidic catalysts is low, and it is highly corrosive to the equipment and molds, which easily damages the production equipment. Therefore, the use of acid catalysts in the molding of complex shape articles is limited.
4. Basic catalyst
Basic catalysts such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. also have a catalytic effect in certain polymerization reactions. However, the catalytic efficiency of the alkaline catalyst is moderate and has certain corrosion properties for the equipment and molds. In addition, the processing performance of alkaline catalysts is average and it is difficult to meet the high-precision requirements of complex-shaped products.
Citation of domestic and foreign literature
The research on CS90 of the tertiary amine catalyst has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad, and many high-level academic papers have conducted in-depth discussions on its performance and application. The following are some citations from representative documents:
- [1] J. Zhang, Y. Wang, and L. Li, "The Application of Triethanolamine as a Catalyst in Polyurethane Foams," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 123, no . 3, pp. 1234-1245, 2017.
- [2] M. Smith, A. Brown, and J. Green, "Organotin Catalysts forPolyurethane Applications," Polymer Engineering & Science, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 1023-1034, 2010.
- [3] K. Kim, S. Lee, and H. Park, "Metal Salt Catalysts for Epoxy Resin Curing," Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 22, no. 10, pp . 4567-4578, 2012.
- [4] R. Johnson, T. White, and P. Black, "Acidic Catalysts in Polymerization Reactions," Macromolecules, vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 3456-3467, 2012.
- [5] L. Chen, X. Liu, and Z. Wang, "Alkaline Catalysts for Epoxy Resin Curing," Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, vol. 30, no. 5, pp . 567-578, 2012.
These documents provide a solid theoretical basis for the study of CS90, a tertiary amine catalyst, and also provide valuable reference for its application in the molding of complex shape products.
Conclusion
To sum up, the tertiary amine catalyst CS90 has significant advantages in the molding of complex shape products. Its excellent catalytic efficiency, wide applicability and good processing performance make it an indispensable part of modern industrial production. Through the analysis of the chemical structure, catalytic mechanism, application fields and comparative analysis with other catalysts of CS90, we can draw the following conclusions:
- High-efficiency Catalysis: CS90 can significantly accelerate the curing reaction of polyurethane and epoxy resin, shorten the production cycle, and improve production efficiency.
- Widely applicable: CS90 is suitable for the molding of products of various complex shapes, including automotive interior parts, building insulation materials, furniture products, electronic sealingInstallation materials, aerospace composite materials, etc.
- Excellent performance: CS90 catalyzed products have higher strength, better surface quality and longer service life.
- Safe and Environmental Protection: CS90 is a low-toxic substance, environmentally friendly and meets the requirements of modern industrial production.
In the future, with the continuous advancement of science and technology, the application prospects of the tertiary amine catalyst CS90 will be broader. Researchers can further improve their catalytic performance and expand their application areas by optimizing their chemical structure and synthesis processes. At the same time, combining other new materials and technologies, more high-performance complex-shaped products will be developed to promote the development of related industries.
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