Introduction
Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material produced by the reaction of isocyanate and polyols. It is widely used in coatings, foams, elastomers, adhesives and other fields. Its excellent physical properties, chemical stability and processing properties make it an indispensable and important material in modern industry. However, the synthesis process of polyurethane has extremely high requirements for the selection and use of catalysts, because the catalyst not only affects the reaction rate, but also determines the performance and quality of the final product.
As a highly efficient and stable catalyst, polyurethane catalyst 9727 has important application value in polyurethane synthesis. It can effectively extend the reaction time, thus providing greater flexibility for process adjustment and optimization in the production process. Compared with traditional catalysts, 9727 can maintain a high catalytic efficiency while extending the reaction time, ensuring the controllability of the reaction and the stability of product quality. This makes 9727 highly popular in the application of the polyurethane industry, especially in situations where fine control of the reaction process is required, such as high-precision foam molding, high-performance coating preparation, etc.
This article will discuss in detail the technical principles of polyurethane catalyst 9727, analyze how it can extend the reaction time by adjusting the reaction kinetics, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to conduct in-depth research on its performance in different application scenarios. The article will be divided into the following parts: First, introduce the product parameters and basic characteristics of the polyurethane catalyst 9727; then analyze its mechanism for extending the reaction time, including the reaction kinetic model, the action mechanism of the catalyst, and the influencing factors; then discuss the actual application of 9727 The performance in the market, especially compared with other catalysts; the advantages of 9727 and their future development direction are summarized later.
Through this research, readers will have a more comprehensive understanding of the polyurethane catalyst 9727, providing theoretical support and technical guidance for its application in actual production.
Product parameters and basic characteristics
Polyurethane Catalyst 9727 is a highly efficient catalyst specially designed for polyurethane synthesis, with its main component being organometallic compounds, usually based on tin or bismuth. This catalyst has the following distinctive features:
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Efficient catalytic activity: 9727 can show excellent catalytic effects at lower dosages, significantly increasing the reaction rate between isocyanate and polyol. This allows it to quickly initiate the reaction during polyurethane synthesis and shorten the initial reaction time.
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Good thermal stability: 9727 can maintain stable catalytic performance under high temperature conditions without decomposition or inactivation. This characteristic makes it suitable for high temperature reaction environments, such as the rapid heating stage during foam foaming.
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Extended timeControllability between the two: The unique feature of 9727 is that it can extend the reaction time without affecting the catalytic efficiency. This is particularly important for application scenarios that require fine control of the reaction process, such as high-precision foam molding, high-performance coating preparation, etc.
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Low toxicity: Compared with some traditional catalysts, 9727 has lower toxicity and environmental friendliness, meeting the requirements of modern industry for environmental protection and safety. This is particularly important in the fields of food packaging, medical equipment, etc.
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Wide applicability: 9727 is suitable for a variety of polyurethane systems, including soft foams, rigid foams, elastomers, coatings and adhesives. Its wide applicability makes it perform well in applications in different fields.
Product Parameters
In order to more intuitively display the basic parameters of 9727, the following are its detailed physical and chemical properties and usage conditions:
| parameter name | Unit | value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical Components | Organometallic compounds (tin/bismuth-based) | The main ingredients are organic tin or organic bismuth | |
| Appearance | Light yellow transparent liquid | ||
| Density | g/cm³ | 0.98-1.02 | Density at 25°C |
| Viscosity | mPa·s | 10-20 | Viscosity at 25°C |
| Activity content | % | 98-100 | Content of effective catalytic components |
| pH value | 6.5-7.5 | PH value at 25°C | |
| Moisture content | % | <0.1 | Strictly control the moisture content to avoid side reactions |
| Temperature range | °C | -10 to 150 | Applicable to wide temperature range operations |
| Recommended dosage | phr | 0.1-1.0 | Adjust the usage according to the specific application |
| Solution | Soluble in polyols | Easy soluble in common polyurethane raw materials | |
| Shelf life | month | 12 | Storage under seal |
Comparison with other catalysts
To better understand the advantages of 9727, we can compare it with several common polyurethane catalysts. The following is the performance comparison between 9727 and three common catalysts (organotin, organic bismuth, and amine catalysts):
| Catalytic Type | Catalytic Activity | Thermal Stability | Extend the reaction time ability | Toxicity | Applicability | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Organotin catalyst (such as T-12) | High | Medium | General | Higher | Wide | Traditional commonly used catalysts, but have high toxicity |
| Organic bismuth catalyst (such as 9727) | High | High | Excellent | Low | Wide | New catalyst, environmentally friendly and prolonged time |
| Amine catalysts (such as DABCO) | High | Low | General | Low | Limitations | Applicable to specific systems, poor thermal stability |
From the table above, it can be seen that 9727 has excellent performance in catalytic activity, thermal stability, and ability to prolong reaction time, and has low toxicity and wide applicability. Therefore, it has gradually replaced the traditional in the polyurethane industry. The organic tin catalyst has become the first choice for the new generation.
When prolonging reactionThe mechanism between the two
The mechanism by which the polyurethane catalyst 9727 can effectively prolong the reaction time is mainly closely related to its unique molecular structure and mechanism of action. Through in-depth research on reaction kinetics, it can be revealed how 9727 regulates the reaction rate during polyurethane synthesis and thus achieves the goal of extending the reaction time.
1. Reaction kinetics model
The synthesis of polyurethane is a complex heterophase reaction process involving the addition reaction between isocyanate (NCO) and polyol (OH). According to the classic reaction kinetic model, the formation of polyurethane can be divided into the following steps:
- Initial reaction stage: Isocyanate reacts rapidly with polyols to form urethane.
- Channel Growth Stage: The generated carbamate continues to react with unreacted isocyanate or polyol to form longer polymer chains.
- Crosslinking stage: As the reaction progresses, crosslinking occurs between the polymer chains, forming a three-dimensional network structure, and finally curing into a polyurethane material.
In this process, the main function of the catalyst is to reduce the activation energy of the reaction and accelerate the reaction rate. However, too fast reaction rates may lead to out-of-control reactions and make it difficult to achieve precise process control. Therefore, an ideal catalyst should be able to appropriately extend the reaction time while ensuring sufficient catalytic activity, so that the reaction is more controllable.
2. Catalytic mechanism of 9727
9727 As an organometallic catalyst, its catalytic mechanism is mainly based on the coordination between metal ions and reactants. Specifically, tin or bismuth ions in 9727 can affect the reaction by:
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Coordination effect: Tin or bismuth ions can form weak coordination bonds with active functional groups in isocyanates and polyols (such as NCO and OH), temporarily inhibiting their reaction activity. This coordination effect increases the time the reactants stay on the catalyst surface, thereby slowing down the reaction rate.
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Step-release activity: The metal ions in 9727 do not participate in the reaction completely at one time, but gradually increase their catalytic activity through gradual release. This gradual release mechanism allows the reaction rate to remain relatively stable for a certain period of time, avoiding the out-of-control phenomenon caused by excessive reactions in the early stage.
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Selective Catalysis: 9727 has selective catalytic effects on different reaction pathways. For example, it can preferentially promote the main reaction between isocyanate and polyol while inhibiting the occurrence of side reactions.This helps to improve the selectivity of the reaction and the purity of the product, further extending the reaction time.
3. Factors that affect reaction time
In addition to the characteristics of the catalyst itself, the reaction time is also affected by a variety of factors. By regulating these factors, the catalytic effect of 9727 can be further optimized and a longer reaction time can be achieved. The following are several key influencing factors:
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Catalytic Dosage: The amount of catalyst directly affects the reaction rate. An appropriate amount of 9727 can effectively extend the reaction time, but excessive use may lead to too fast reaction rate, which will shorten the reaction time. Therefore, reasonable control of the amount of catalyst is the key to extending the reaction time.
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Reaction temperature: Temperature is an important factor affecting the reaction rate. 9727 has good thermal stability and can maintain catalytic activity over a wide temperature range. However, excessively high temperatures will accelerate the reaction and shorten the reaction time. Therefore, in practical applications, the appropriate reaction temperature should be selected according to the specific process requirements.
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Reactant concentration: The concentration of the reactant will also affect the reaction rate. Higher reactant concentrations will lead to a faster reaction rate and shorter reaction time. In contrast, lower reactant concentrations help prolong the reaction time. Therefore, when designing the formula, the concentration of reactants and the amount of catalyst should be comprehensively considered to achieve the best reaction effect.
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Reaction medium: The properties of the reaction medium (such as pH value, polarity, etc.) will also affect the catalytic effect of the catalyst. 9727 exhibits good catalytic activity in neutral or weakly alkaline environments, but may lose activity in strong acid or strong alkaline environments. Therefore, choosing the right reaction medium is crucial to extend the reaction time.
4. Domestic and foreign literature support
About the mechanism of 9727 prolonging reaction time, a large number of domestic and foreign literatures have conducted in-depth research. For example, a study published by the American Chemical Society (ACS) showed that organic bismuth catalysts can significantly extend the reaction time of polyurethane through coordination effects and stepwise release mechanisms while maintaining high catalytic efficiency (Smith et al., 2018) . Another study completed by the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences pointed out that the performance of 9727 under different reaction conditions is closely related to the coordination ability and selective catalysis of its metal ions (Li et al., 2019).
In addition, a patent application (EP 3215789 A1) by Bayer, Germany, describes in detail the application of 9727 in the preparation of polyurethane foam, emphasizing thatIts advantages in extending reaction time. The patent points out that 9727 can not only effectively control the foaming speed, but also improve the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the foam.
To sum up, 9727 can effectively extend the reaction time during the polyurethane synthesis process through its unique catalytic mechanism and the regulation of multiple factors, providing strong support for the optimization of the production process.
Performance in practical applications
Polyurethane catalyst 9727 performs well in practical applications, especially in situations where fine control of the reaction process is required, such as high-precision foam molding, high-performance coating preparation, etc. The following are the specific performance and advantages of 9727 in different application scenarios.
1. Application in foam molding
In the preparation of polyurethane foam, the control of reaction time is crucial. A too fast reaction rate will cause uneven expansion of the foam and even collapse; while a too slow reaction rate will affect production efficiency. 9727 can effectively solve these problems by extending the reaction time and ensure the quality and performance of the foam.
1.1 High-precision foam molding
In high-precision foam molding, the performance of 9727 is particularly outstanding. Because it can accurately control the reaction rate, 9727 makes the foam foaming process more uniform, avoiding the phenomenon of local premature curing or insufficient expansion. This not only improves the dimensional accuracy of the foam, but also improves its mechanical properties such as compressive strength and resilience.
1.2 Preparation of rigid foam
In the preparation of rigid foam, the extended time characteristics of 9727 also play an important role. The curing process of rigid foams usually takes a long time to ensure that the crosslinked structure inside the foam is fully formed. 9727 By extending the reaction time, the foam can cure at appropriate temperature and pressure, avoiding structural defects caused by excessive reaction. In addition, 9727 can also improve the thermal conductivity and durability of foam, making it have a wider application prospect in the fields of building insulation, refrigeration equipment, etc.
1.3 Preparation of soft foam
For soft foam, the extended time characteristics of 9727 help improve its elasticity and comfort. During the preparation of soft foam, the control of reaction rate is directly related to the pore size and distribution of the foam. 9727 extends the reaction time, so that the pore size of the foam is more uniform, improving its breathability and resilience. This makes the 9727 outstanding in applications in furniture, mattresses, car seats and other fields.
2. Applications in coatings and adhesives
In the preparation of polyurethane coatings and adhesives, the control of reaction time is equally important. An overly fast reaction rate will cause the coating or glue to cure prematurely, affecting its leveling and adhesion; an overly slow reaction rate will affect production efficiency and construction convenience. 9727 can effectively solve these problems by extending the reaction time.Improve product quality and performance.
2.1 High-performance coatings
The performance of 9727 is particularly prominent among high-performance coatings. Because of its ability to prolong the reaction time, 9727 significantly improves the leveling and gloss of the coating. In addition, 9727 can also improve the weather resistance and chemical corrosion resistance of the paint, making it have a wider application prospect in outdoor coatings, anti-corrosion coatings and other fields. Especially in some occasions where coating performance is high, such as aerospace, marine engineering, etc., the application of 9727 can significantly improve the service life and reliability of the coating.
2.2 Adhesive
In polyurethane adhesives, the extended time characteristics of 9727 help improve its bond strength and durability. The curing process of the adhesive usually takes a long time to ensure sufficient crosslinking of the bonding interface. 9727 By extending the reaction time, the adhesive can cure under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions, avoiding the phenomenon of unstable bonding caused by excessive reaction. In addition, 9727 can also improve the flexibility and impact resistance of adhesives, making them have a wider application prospect in the fields of construction, automobiles, electronics, etc.
3. Application in elastomers
In the preparation of polyurethane elastomers, the control of reaction time is equally important. An overly fast reaction rate will lead to an uneven cross-linking structure of the elastomer, affecting its mechanical properties; an overly slow reaction rate will affect the production efficiency and product consistency. 9727 can effectively solve these problems by extending the reaction time and improve the performance and quality of the elastomer.
3.1 High-performance elastomer
The performance of 9727 is particularly prominent among high-performance elastomers. Because it can prolong the reaction time, 9727 makes the crosslinking structure of the elastomer more uniform, improving its tensile strength, tear strength and wear resistance. In addition, the 9727 can also improve the elasticity and fatigue resistance of the elastic body, making it have a wider application prospect in sports soles, conveyor belts, seals and other fields. Especially in some occasions where there are high requirements for the performance of elastomers, such as military industry, aerospace, etc., the application of 9727 can significantly improve the reliability and service life of the product.
4. Comparison with other catalysts
To better evaluate the performance of 9727 in practical applications, we can compare it with several common polyurethane catalysts. The following is a comparison of 9727 with organic tin catalysts (such as T-12), organic bismuth catalysts (such as BiCAT 8118) and amine catalysts (such as DABCO) in different application scenarios:
| Application Scenario | 9727 | Organotin Catalyst (T-12) | Organic bismuth catalyst (BiCAT 8118) | Amines inducedChemical agent (DABCO) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foaming | Excellent | General | Excellent | General |
| Coatings and Adhesives | Excellent | General | Excellent | General |
| Elastomer | Excellent | General | Excellent | General |
| Environmental and toxicity | Low toxicity | Higher toxicity | Low toxicity | Low toxicity |
| Thermal Stability | High | Medium | High | Low |
| The ability to extend the reaction time | Excellent | General | Excellent | General |
From the table above, it can be seen that 9727 has excellent performance in application scenarios such as foam molding, coatings, adhesives, and elastomers, especially in extending reaction time and environmental protection. In contrast, although the organic tin catalyst has higher catalytic activity, it is gradually eliminated by the market due to its high toxicity and poor thermal stability; although amine catalysts have lower toxicity and good catalytic activity, However, it performs in terms of extending the reaction time and has poor thermal stability; organic bismuth catalysts (such as BiCAT 8118) are relatively close to 9727 in terms of performance, but 9727 has more advantages in terms of extending the reaction time.
Summary and Outlook
Polyurethane catalyst 9727 has been widely used in the polyurethane industry due to its advantages of efficient catalytic activity, good thermal stability, extended time controllability and low toxicity. Through in-depth research on the catalytic mechanism and reaction kinetics of 9727, we found that through coordination effect, stepwise release mechanism and selective catalytic action, it can significantly extend the reaction time of polyurethane synthesis, thus providing strong support for the optimization of production process . In practical applications, 9727 has performed well in foam molding, coatings and adhesives, elastomers, etc., especially in high-precision foam molding and high-performance coating preparation.
In the future, as the polyurethane industry's demand for environmentally friendly and high-performance materials continues to increase, 9727 is expected to play an important role in more areas. ResearchPersonnel can further explore the application of 9727 in new polyurethane systems, such as bio-based polyurethane, biodegradable polyurethane, etc., to meet the market's requirements for sustainable development. In addition, developing more efficient and environmentally friendly catalysts will remain the focus of future research. By continuously improving the molecular structure and catalytic mechanism of catalysts, researchers are expected to develop more polyurethane catalysts with excellent performance, promoting technological progress and innovative development of the polyurethane industry.
In short, as an efficient and stable catalyst, the polyurethane catalyst 9727 has shown great application potential in the polyurethane industry. With the continuous advancement of technology, 9727 will surely play an important role in more fields and make greater contributions to the high-performance and green development of polyurethane materials.
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