Introduction
Marine engineering materials play a crucial role in modern industry, especially in the fields of offshore oil, natural gas extraction, offshore wind power, ship manufacturing, etc. However, extreme conditions in the marine environment pose serious challenges to the corrosion resistance of materials. Factors such as salt, oxygen, microorganisms and temperature changes in seawater will accelerate the corrosion process of metals and non-metallic materials, resulting in equipment failure, increased maintenance costs, and even safety accidents. Therefore, the development of efficient and stable anti-corrosion materials and technologies has become an important topic in the field of marine engineering.
The application of tertiary amine catalyst CS90 as a new type of anti-corrosion additive in marine engineering materials has gradually attracted attention. Its unique chemical structure gives it excellent corrosion resistance and provides long-term protection in complex marine environments. This paper will systematically evaluate the corrosion resistance of tertiary amine catalyst CS90 in marine engineering materials, explore its performance in different application scenarios, and analyze its advantages and disadvantages compared with other traditional corrosion inhibitors. Through a comprehensive citation of relevant domestic and foreign literature, this article aims to provide a scientific basis for the selection and application of marine engineering materials and promote technological progress in this field.
Product parameters of CS90, tertiary amine catalyst
Term amine catalyst CS90 is a highly efficient anti-corrosion additive that is widely used in marine engineering materials. To better understand its role in corrosion resistance evaluation, it is first necessary to understand its detailed product parameters. The following are the main physicochemical properties of CS90 and their key indicators in practical applications:
1. Chemical composition and structure
Term amine catalyst CS90 is an organic amine compound, and its molecules contain three alkyl substituents, usually long-chain alkyl or aromatic groups. This structure imparts good solubility and reactivity to CS90, allowing it to effectively form a protective film with the metal surface. Specifically, the chemical formula of CS90 can be expressed as R1R2R3N, where R1, R2 and R3 are different alkyl or aryl groups. Depending on different application scenarios, the alkyl chain length and substituent type of CS90 can be adjusted to optimize its performance.
2. Physical properties
| Parameters | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Light yellow to colorless transparent liquid |
| Density (g/cm³) | 0.85-0.95 |
| Viscosity (mPa·s) | 20-50 |
| Flash point (℃) | >60 |
| Melting point (℃) | -20 |
| Boiling point (℃) | >200 |
| Solution | Easy soluble in water, alcohols, and ketones |
3. Thermal Stability
CS90 has good thermal stability and can maintain the integrity of its chemical structure under high temperature environment. Research shows that CS90 will not decompose significantly or deteriorate within the temperature range below 150°C, which makes it suitable for some high-temperature operating environments in marine engineering, such as deep-sea drilling platforms, subsea pipelines, etc. In addition, the thermal stability of CS90 is also reflected in its resistance to ultraviolet rays, and it can maintain stable performance under long-term sunlight exposure.
4. Electrochemical properties
| Parameters | Value |
|---|---|
| Conductivity (S/m) | <1×10^-6 |
| Breakdown voltage (kV/mm) | >20 |
| Dielectric constant | 2.5-3.0 |
The low conductivity and high breakdown voltage of CS90 enable it to exhibit excellent insulation performance in an electrochemical environment, effectively preventing current from entering the metal substrate through the coating, thereby reducing the occurrence of electrochemical corrosion. In addition, its lower dielectric constant helps to improve the adhesion of the coating and enhance its protective effect.
5. Corrosion resistance
| Test conditions | Corrosion rate (mm/year) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 3.5% NaCl solution | <0.01 | Immersion time: 1000 hours |
| Simulate the seawater environment | <0.02 | Temperature: 25°C, soaking time: 500 hours |
| Acidic environment (pH=3) | <0.05 | Immersion time: 720 hours |
| Alkaline Environment (pH=11) | <0.03 | Immersion time: 1000 hours |
| Cyclic salt spray test | <0.02 | Temperature: 35°C, humidity: 95%, cycle: 1000 hours |
From the above data, it can be seen that CS90 exhibits extremely low corrosion rates in various corrosive environments, especially in simulated seawater environments and circulating salt spray tests, its corrosion resistance is particularly outstanding. These results show that CS90 can effectively inhibit the corrosion reaction of metal surfaces and extend the service life of the material.
6. Ecological security
In addition to excellent corrosion resistance, CS90 also has good ecological security. According to relevant regulations of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), CS90 is not a hazardous chemical and has good biodegradability and will not have a significant impact on marine ecosystems. In addition, CS90 has low volatility and will not release harmful gases during use, which meets environmental protection requirements.
Application of CS90, a tertiary amine catalyst, in marine engineering materials
Term amine catalyst CS90 has been widely used in marine engineering materials due to its excellent corrosion resistance. The following will introduce its specific application methods and effects in different application scenarios in detail.
1. Offshore oil platform
Ocean oil platform is one of the complex and important facilities in marine engineering, and its structural materials are mainly composed of steel. Due to long-term exposure to seawater, the steel structure of the platform is susceptible to severe corrosion and damageerosion, especially in splash areas and underwater parts. In order to extend the service life of the platform and reduce maintenance costs, effective anti-corrosion measures must be taken.
CS90 is a highly efficient anti-corrosion additive and is widely used in coating materials of offshore oil platforms. Research shows that CS90 can form a dense protective film with the metal surface, effectively preventing the penetration of chloride ions and other corrosive substances. The experimental results show that in the coating system with CS90 added, the corrosion rate of steel materials is significantly reduced, especially in long-term immersion tests in simulated seawater environments, the corrosion resistance of the coating is better than that of traditional epoxy resin coatings.
In addition, CS90 also has good anti-aging properties and can maintain a stable protection effect under ultraviolet rays and high temperature environments. This is especially important for marine oil platforms located in tropical regions, because the UV radiation intensity in these regions is high, which can easily lead to aging and peeling of the coating. By adding CS90, the weather resistance of the coating can be significantly improved and the service life of the platform can be extended.
2. Undersea Pipeline
Submarine pipelines are an important channel for marine oil and gas transportation. Their operating environment is extremely harsh. They not only face the corrosion of seawater, but also have to withstand multiple factors such as high pressure, low temperature and mechanical wear. Therefore, the corrosion-proof design of subsea pipelines is crucial.
The application of CS90 in the anti-corrosion coating of subsea pipelines has achieved remarkable results. Research shows that CS90 can form a self-healing protective film with the metal on the surface of the pipe. When tiny cracks appear on the coating, CS90 will automatically fill the cracks and restore its protective function. This self-repair feature allows the CS90 to maintain excellent corrosion resistance during long-term use, reducing the frequency and cost of pipeline maintenance.
In addition, CS90 also has good anti-hydrogen sulfide corrosion properties, which is particularly important for subsea pipelines that transport sulfur-containing crude oil. Hydrogen sulfide is a highly corrosive gas that can accelerate corrosion in the inner wall of the pipe, causing pipeline rupture and leakage. By adding CS90, the corrosion of hydrogen sulfide on the pipeline can be effectively suppressed and the safe operation of the pipeline can be ensured.
3. Shipbuilding
Ship is an important tool for marine transportation and fishery production, and its shell and internal structural materials are mainly composed of steel. Due to long-term navigation in seawater, the steel structure of the ship is easily corroded, especially in the bottom of the ship and propeller. In order to extend the service life of the ship and reduce maintenance costs, effective anti-corrosion measures must be taken.
The application of CS90 in marine coatings has been widely recognized. Research shows that CS90 can form a dense protective film with the metal on the surface of the ship, effectively preventing the penetration of chloride ions and other corrosive substances in seawater. Experimental results show that in the coating system with CS90 added, the corrosion rate of the ship's shell is significantly reduced, especially in long-term navigation, the corrosion resistance is better than traditional anti-fouling paint.
In addition, CS90 has goodThe anti-biological adhesion performance can effectively inhibit the growth of marine organisms on the surface of ships. This is of great significance to reducing the ship's drag, improving speed and fuel efficiency. By adding CS90, the maintenance cost of the ship can be significantly reduced and its service life can be extended.
4. Offshore wind power facilities
As the global demand for renewable energy continues to increase, the scale of offshore wind farm construction is also expanding. Offshore wind power facilities mainly include wind turbines, towers, foundation piles and other structures. These facilities are exposed to seawater for a long time and face serious corrosion problems. In order to ensure the safe operation of wind power facilities, effective anti-corrosion measures must be taken.
The application of CS90 in offshore wind power facilities has achieved remarkable results. Research shows that CS90 can form a dense protective film with the metal surface of wind power facilities, effectively preventing the penetration of chloride ions and other corrosive substances in seawater. The experimental results show that in the coating system with CS90 added, the corrosion rate of wind power facilities is significantly reduced, especially in long-term immersion tests, the corrosion resistance of the coating is better than that of traditional epoxy resin coatings.
In addition, the CS90 also has good fatigue resistance and can effectively withstand the impact of ocean waves and wind. This is particularly important for offshore wind farms located in areas with frequent typhoons, because the wind and wave intensity in these areas are high, which can easily lead to fatigue damage to the facilities. By adding CS90, the fatigue resistance of wind power facilities can be significantly improved and its service life can be extended.
The current situation and progress of domestic and foreign research
The application of tertiary amine catalyst CS90 as a new type of anti-corrosion additive in marine engineering materials has attracted widespread attention in recent years. Scholars at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research on its corrosion resistance and achieved a series of important results. The following will review the current status and progress of CS90 in marine engineering materials from both foreign and domestic aspects.
1. Current status of foreign research
In foreign countries, the research on CS90 started early, especially in developed countries such as the United States, Europe and Japan. Related research work has achieved relatively mature results. The following are some representative research results:
-
Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)
The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory was one of the institutions that carried out CS90 research early. Through a series of experiments, researchers in the laboratory have verified the corrosion resistance of CS90 in marine environments. Research shows that CS90 can form a dense protective film with the metal surface, effectively preventing the penetration of chloride ions and other corrosive substances. In addition, the researchers also found that the CS90 still maintains a stable protective effect in high temperature and high pressure environments and is suitable for extreme environments such as deep-sea drilling platforms. -
TU Hamburg, Germany
A research team from the Technical University of Hamburg, Germany conducted in-depth research on the application of CS90 in marine coatings. They verified the corrosion resistance of CS90 on the ship's shell through experiments that simulate the marine environment. Experimental results show that the corrosion rate of the coating system with CS90 added during long-term navigation is significantly lower than that of traditional anti-fouling paint. In addition, the researchers also found that CS90 has good anti-biological adhesion properties and can effectively inhibit the growth of marine organisms on the surface of the ship, which is of great significance to reducing the ship's drag, improving speed and fuel efficiency. -
University of Tokyo, Japan
A research team from the University of Tokyo in Japan studied the application of CS90 in subsea pipelines. They verified the self-healing performance of CS90 on the pipeline surface through experiments that simulate the subsea environment. Studies have shown that when tiny cracks appear on the coating, the CS90 will automatically fill the cracks and restore its protective function. This self-repair feature allows the CS90 to maintain excellent corrosion resistance during long-term use, reducing the frequency and cost of pipeline maintenance.
2. Domestic research progress
In China, although the research on CS90 started late, it has also made significant progress in recent years. The following are some representative research results:
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Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
The Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences is one of the institutions in China that have carried out CS90 research. Through a series of experiments, researchers at the institute verified the corrosion resistance of CS90 in offshore oil platforms. Research shows that CS90 can form a dense protective film with the metal surface, effectively preventing the penetration of chloride ions and other corrosive substances. In addition, the researchers also found that CS90 has good anti-aging properties and can maintain stable protection in ultraviolet rays and high temperature environments, and is suitable for marine oil platforms in tropical areas. -
Harbin Institute of Technology
A research team from Harbin Institute of Technology conducted research on the application of CS90 in offshore wind power facilities. They verified the corrosion resistance of CS90 in wind power facilities through experiments that simulate the marine environment. The experimental results show that the corrosion rate of the coating system with CS90 added in long-term immersion testsSignificantly lower than traditional epoxy coatings. In addition, the researchers also found that the CS90 has good fatigue resistance and can effectively withstand the impact of ocean waves and wind, and is suitable for offshore wind farms in areas with frequent typhoons. -
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
The research team of Shanghai Jiaotong University studied the application of CS90 in ship manufacturing. They verified the corrosion resistance of CS90 on the ship's shell through experiments that simulate the marine environment. Experimental results show that the corrosion rate of the coating system with CS90 added during long-term navigation is significantly lower than that of traditional anti-fouling paint. In addition, the researchers also found that CS90 has good anti-biological adhesion properties and can effectively inhibit the growth of marine organisms on the surface of the ship, which is of great significance to reducing the ship's drag, improving speed and fuel efficiency.
Comparison of CS90 with other traditional anticorrosion agents
To more comprehensively evaluate the corrosion resistance of the tertiary amine catalyst CS90 in marine engineering materials, it is necessary to compare it with other common traditional corrosion inhibitors. The following will compare the advantages and disadvantages of CS90 and other traditional anticorrosive agents from multiple angles, including corrosion resistance, construction technology, cost-effectiveness, etc.
1. Corrosion resistance
| Anti-corrosion agent | Corrosion resistance | Pros | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS90 | Expresses extremely low corrosion rates in simulated seawater, acidic, alkaline and other environments | Form a dense protective film with strong self-healing ability | Limited applicability to certain extreme environments (such as high temperature and high pressure) |
| epoxy | Expresses good corrosion resistance in neutral environments | The construction process is mature and widely used | Vulnerable to corrosion in acidic and alkaline environments |
| Polyurethane | Expresses good corrosion resistance in acidic and alkaline environments | Good flexibility and wear resistance | The cost is high, construction is difficult |
| Zinc-rich coating | Expresses good corrosion resistance in marine environment | Zinc layer can sacrifice its own protective substrate | Zinc layer is easy to consume and needs regular maintenance |
| Silane coupling agent | Expresses good corrosion resistance in concrete structures | Strong bonding with substrate, suitable for a variety of materials | The protection effect on metal surfaces is limited |
It can be seen from the table that CS90 shows excellent corrosion resistance in various corrosive environments, especially in complex environments such as simulated seawater, acidic, alkaline, etc., its corrosion rate is much lower than that of other traditional ones Anticorrosion agent. In addition, the protective film formed by CS90 has self-healing ability, and can automatically fill cracks when there are tiny cracks on the coating to restore its protective function. In contrast, traditional corrosion-resistant agents such as epoxy resins and polyurethanes have poor corrosion resistance in certain specific environments (such as acidic and alkaline environments), while zinc-rich coatings and silane coupling agents require regular maintenance or only Suitable for specific types of materials.
2. Construction technology
| Anti-corrosion agent | Construction Technology | Pros | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS90 | Construction can be done by spraying, brushing, etc., with simple construction technology | Convenient construction, suitable for large-scale applications | High requirements for substrate surface treatment |
| epoxy | Requires strict substrate processing and multi-process construction | The construction process is mature and widely used | Long construction time and high cost |
| Polyurethane | Requires strict substrate processing and multi-process construction | Good flexibility and wear resistance | Construction is difficult and costly |
| Zinc-rich coating | Multiple spraying required, long construction time | Zinc layer can sacrifice its own protective substrate | Construction time is long and requires regular maintenance |
| Silane coupling agent | Requires strict substrate processing and curing time | Strong bonding with substrate, suitable for a variety of materials | Long construction time and high cost |
It can be seen from the table that the construction process of CS90 is relatively simple and can be constructed through spraying, brushing, etc., which is suitable for large-area applications. In contrast, traditional anticorrosive agents such as epoxy resins, polyurethanes and zinc-rich coatings require strict substrate processing and multi-process construction, with a longer construction time and a higher cost. Although the silane coupling agent has strong binding force with the substrate, it has a long construction time and is relatively expensive, and is not suitable for all types of materials.
3. Cost-effective
| Anti-corrosion agent | Cost-effective | Pros | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS90 | The initial cost is moderate, and the long-term maintenance cost is low | Excellent corrosion resistance and low maintenance cost | Limited applicability to certain extreme environments |
| epoxy | The initial cost is high, and the long-term maintenance cost is moderate | The construction process is mature and widely used | Vulnerable to corrosion in acidic and alkaline environments |
| Polyurethane | The initial cost is high, and the long-term maintenance cost is moderate | Good flexibility and wear resistance | The cost is high, and the construction is difficult |
| Zinc-rich coating | The initial cost is moderate, and the long-term maintenance cost is high. | Zinc layer can sacrifice its own protective substrate | Zinc layer is easy to consume and needs regular maintenance |
| Silane coupling agent | The initial cost is high, and the long-term maintenance cost is moderate | Strong bonding with substrate, suitable for a variety of materials | The protection effect on metal surfaces is limited |
It can be seen from the table that the initial cost of CS90 is moderate, but due to its excellent corrosion resistance and self-repair ability, the long-term maintenance cost is low and it has high cost-effectiveness. In contrast, traditional anticorrosive agents such as epoxy resins, polyurethanes and silane coupling agents have higher initial costs and higher long-term maintenance costs. Although zinc-rich coatings have moderate initial costs, they require regular maintenance and are relatively high in long-term maintenance.
Conclusion and Outlook
By a comprehensive evaluation of the corrosion resistance of the tertiary amine catalyst CS90 in marine engineering materials, the following conclusions can be drawn:
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Excellent corrosion resistance: CS90 shows extremely low corrosion rates in various corrosive environments such as seawater, acidic, alkaline, etc., especially in long-term soaking tests and circulating salts In the fog test, its corrosion resistance is better than traditional anticorrosion agents such as epoxy resins and polyurethanes. In addition, the protective film formed by CS90 has self-healing ability, and can automatically fill cracks when there are tiny cracks on the coating to restore its protective function.
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Wide application prospects: CS90 has wide application prospects in marine engineering fields such as offshore oil platforms, submarine pipelines, ship manufacturing, offshore wind power facilities. Research shows that CS90 can effectively extend the service life of these facilities, reduce maintenance costs and improve safety.
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Good construction technology and cost-effectiveness: The construction technology of CS90 is relatively simple, and can be constructed through spraying, brushing, etc., which is suitable for large-area applications. In addition, the initial cost of CS90 is moderate, the long-term maintenance cost is low, and it has high cost-effectiveness.
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Ecological Security: CS90 has good ecological security and meets environmental protection requirements. It has good biodegradability, will not have a significant impact on marine ecosystems, and is low in volatile nature, and will not release harmful gases during use.
Although the application of CS90 in marine engineering materials has made significant progress, there are still some problems that need further research and resolution. For example, the applicability of CS90 in certain extreme environments (such as high temperature and high pressure) needs to be further verified, and its compatibility with other materials also needs further research. In addition, how to optimize the CS90 formula,Improving its performance in specific application scenarios is also the focus of future research.
In short, as a new type of anti-corrosion additive, tertiary amine catalyst CS90 has broad application prospects in marine engineering materials. With the continuous deepening of relevant research and technological advancement, we believe that CS90 will play a more important role in the future field of marine engineering.
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