2-Analysis of the active ingredients of propylimidazole as a plant growth regulator in the agricultural field

2-Propylimidazole: Plant growth regulator in agriculture

Introduction

In modern agriculture, plant growth regulators (PGRs) play a crucial role. They can not only help farmers improve crop yields, but also improve crop quality, enhance stress resistance and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and environmentally friendly requirements, more and more new plant growth regulators have been developed. Among them, 2-Propylimidazole (2-PI) is a highly efficient, low-toxic and environmentally friendly plant growth regulator, which has gradually attracted widespread attention.

This article will deeply explore the application of 2-propylimidazole in the agricultural field and analyze its active ingredients as a plant growth regulator, including its chemical structure, mechanism of action, product parameters, application effects, and research progress at home and abroad. The article will use easy-to-understand language, combined with rich data and literature, to help readers fully understand this emerging plant growth regulator.

2-Propylimidazole's chemical structure and physical properties

2-propyliimidazole is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, which belongs to an imidazole compound. Its chemical formula is C6H10N2 and its molecular weight is 114.15 g/mol. The two nitrogen atoms on the imidazole ring impart unique chemical properties to the compound, making it highly active in the organism. The structure of 2-propylimidazole is as follows:

 N
     /
    C C
   / /
  C - N - C
   | |
  CH3 CH2CH3

From physical perspective, 2-propylimidazole is a colorless or light yellow liquid with a slight ammonia odor. It has a low solubility in water, but is better solubility in organic solvents, such as, etc. Its melting point is about -30°C, its boiling point is about 180°C, and its density is 0.98 g/cm³. These physical properties make 2-propyliimidazole easy to mix with other ingredients during the preparation process to form a stable solution or suspension.

The mechanism of action of 2-propylimidazole

2-propylimidazole, as a plant growth regulator, plays a role mainly by affecting the hormone balance in the plant. There are a variety of endogenous hormones in the plant, such as auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid and ethylene, which jointly regulate the growth and development of plants. 2-propylimidazole can simulate the function of certain plant hormones, or regulate plant growth and metabolic activities by interfering with hormone signaling pathways.

Specifically, the main mechanism of action of 2-propylimidazole includes the following aspects:

1. Promote root development: 2-propylimidazole can stimulate transplantationThe division and elongation of cells at the roots of the substance increase the length and number of root systems. This helps plants absorb water and nutrients better, thereby improving the crop’s drought and stress resistance.

2. Adjust the opening and closing of leaf stomata: 2-propylimidazole can affect the opening and closing of leaf stomata and regulate the transpiration of plants. In drought conditions, it can promote stomatal closure, reduce water loss, and help plants withstand drought stress.

3. Promote fruit expansion: 2-propylimidazole can promote the division and expansion of fruit cells, accelerate the growth rate of fruits, and increase the weight and volume of fruits. This is of great significance to improving the yield and quality of fruit crops.

4. Delaying aging: 2-propylimidazole can inhibit the synthesis of ethylene in plants and delay the aging process of leaves and fruits. This not only helps to prolong the growth period of crops, but also improves the shelf life of the fruit and reduces postharvest losses.

5. Enhance stress resistance: 2-propylimidazole can activate the antioxidant system in the plant body and enhance the resistance of plants to various adversities (such as high temperature, low temperature, saline, pests, etc.) . This is very beneficial for improving crop adaptability and stability.

2-Propylimidazole Product parameters

In order to better understand and apply 2-propylimidazole, it is very important to understand the specific parameters of its products. Here are some key parameters when 2-propylimidazole is used as a plant growth regulator:

2-Propylimidazole application effect

The application effect of 2-propylimidazole in agriculture has been widely verified. Studies have shown that the rational use of 2-propylimidazole can significantly improve the yield and quality of crops while enhancing the stress resistance of crops. The following are some typical application cases and experimental results:

1. Food Crops: On wheat, rice, corn and other grain crops, 2-propymidazole can promote root development, increase the height and ear number of plants, and increase the weight of thousands of grains. Experimental data show that wheat treated with 2-propyliimidazole can increase yield by 10%-15%, and the grain plumping level is significantly increased.

2. Vegetable Crops: For vegetable crops such as tomato, cucumber, and pepper, 2-propymidazole can promote fruit expansion, shorten the harvesting period, and increase the weight of a single fruit. Especially in facility cultivation, the application effect of 2-propylimidazole is more significant. Research has found that tomatoes treated with 2-propylimidazole can increase yield by 20%-30%, and the fruits are bright in color and have a good taste.

3. Fruit Tree: in the appleOn fruit trees such as fruit, grapes, citrus, etc., 2-propymidazole can promote flower bud differentiation, increase fruit setting rate, and improve fruit quality. Especially for some late-ripening varieties, 2-propylimidazole can effectively delay fruit aging and extend shelf life. Experiments show that apples treated with 2-propylimidazole have increased fruit hardness, increased sugar content, and significantly increased commodity value.

4. Flower Crops: For flower crops such as roses, lilies, carnations, etc., 2-propymidazole can promote flower bud differentiation, increase the number of flowers, and prolong the flowering period. In addition, 2-propylimidazole can also enhance the disease resistance of flowers and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Studies have shown that the flowers of roses treated with 2-propylimidazole are more colorful, the flowering period is extended by 1-2 weeks, and the ornamental value is greatly improved.

5. Enhanced stress resistance: 2-propylimidazole has also had a significant effect in improving crop stress resistance. For example, under drought conditions, crops treated with 2-propylimidazole can better maintain leaves moisture and reduce wilting; crops grown in saline-alkali land, root vitality is enhanced and absorption capacity is improved after using 2-propylimidazole. Crops grow stronger.

Progress in domestic and foreign research

2-propylimidazole, as a new type of plant growth regulator, has attracted widespread attention from domestic and foreign researchers in recent years. Many research institutions and enterprises are actively carrying out relevant basic research and application development work. The following are some representative research results:

1. China Agricultural University: The school’s research team has developed a series of highly efficient and low-toxic derivatives by optimizing the chemical structure of 2-propylimidazole. These derivatives have better results in promoting crop growth and improving stress resistance. In addition, the team also studied the optimal application time and concentration of 2-propylimidazole on different crops, providing a scientific basis for practical applications.

2. USDA: USDA researchers from the USDA evaluated the effectiveness of 2-propylimidazole in a variety of crops through large-scale field trials. The results show that 2-propylimidazole can significantly improve the yield and quality of crops, especially under adverse conditions such as drought and saline, the yield increase effect is particularly obvious. In addition, the researchers also found that 2-propylimidazole is environmentally friendly and does not cause pollution to soil and water.

3. German Bayer Company: As a world-leading agrochemical enterprise, Bayer has invested a lot of resources in the research and development and promotion of 2-propylimidazole. The company has developed a composite plant growth regulator based on 2-propylimidazole that can simultaneously promoteInto crop growth and enhance stress resistance. This product has been promoted and applied in many European countries and has achieved good market response.

4. University of Tokyo, Japan: The research team at the University of Tokyo used genetic engineering technology to reveal the mechanism of action of 2-propymidazole in plants. Studies have shown that 2-propylimidazole can regulate the growth and development process of plants by activate specific gene expression in plants. This discovery provides a new idea for a deep understanding of the mechanism of action of 2-propylimidazole.

5. University of Queensland, Australia: Through metabolomic analysis, researchers at the University of Queensland discovered the effect of 2-propylimidazole on plant metabolic networks. Studies have shown that 2-propylimidazole can regulate the synthesis and decomposition of various metabolites such as amino acids, sugars, and lipids in the plant body, thereby affecting the growth and development of plants. This research provides important theoretical support for the development of new plant growth regulators.

Conclusion and Outlook

2-propylimidazole, as a new plant growth regulator, has become an indispensable and important tool in modern agriculture due to its high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental protection. By promoting crop growth, improving yield and quality, and enhancing stress resistance, 2-propymidazole brings tangible economic benefits to farmers. In the future, with the continuous deepening of research and technological advancement, the application prospects of 2-propylimidazole will be broader.

However, we should also be aware that the use of any plant growth regulator must follow scientific and reasonable standards. In practical applications, farmers should choose appropriate application time and concentration based on crop types, growth stages and environmental conditions to avoid the negative effects of excessive use. At the same time, the government and relevant departments should also strengthen supervision of plant growth regulators to ensure their safe and effective application in agricultural production.

In short, 2-propylimidazole, as an innovative plant growth regulator, has injected new vitality into the development of modern agriculture. We look forward to further tapping its potential and promoting the sustainable development of agricultural production in future research and practice.

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