2025-03-12 02:13:58news2Read

N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine: a highly efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalyst

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) materials have become one of the indispensable materials in modern industry due to their excellent physical properties and wide application fields. Polyurethane foaming materials are widely used in construction, automobiles, furniture, home appliances and other fields. However, the impact of catalysts used in polyurethane foaming on the environment and human health is increasing. Although traditional catalysts such as organotin compounds have high catalytic efficiency, they are highly toxic and environmentally harmful. Therefore, the development of efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalysts has become a hot topic in current research.

N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldipropylene triamine (hereinafter referred to as “pentamethyldipropylene triamine”) is a new type of environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalyst. Because of its advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, and environmental protection, it has gradually attracted the attention of the industry. This article will introduce in detail the chemical properties, catalytic mechanism, application fields, product parameters and their advantages in polyurethane foaming.

1. Chemical properties of pentamethyldipropylene triamine

1.1 Chemical structure

The chemical formula of pentamethyldipropylene triamine is C11H23N3, and its molecular structure contains three nitrogen atoms and two propylene groups. The structure is as follows:

 CH3
    |
CH3-N-CH2-CH=CH2
    |
CH3-N-CH2-CH=CH2
    |
   CH3

1.2 Physical Properties

Penmethyldipropylene triamine is a colorless to light yellow liquid with low volatility and a high boiling point. Its main physical properties are shown in the following table:

Properties	value
Molecular Weight	197.32 g/mol
Boiling point	220-230°C
Density	0.89 g/cm³
Flashpoint	95°C
Solution	Easy soluble in organic solvents

1.3 Chemical Stability

Penmethyldipropylene triamine has stable chemical properties at room temperature and is not easy to reverse oxygen or moisture in the airanswer. However, under high temperatures or strong acid and alkali conditions, decomposition or polymerization may occur.

Di. The catalytic mechanism of pentamethyldipropylene triamine

2.1 Overview of polyurethane foaming reaction

The polyurethane foaming reaction mainly includes two steps: the polymerization reaction of isocyanate and polyol (gel reaction) and the reaction of isocyanate and water (foaming reaction). The catalyst plays a role in accelerating the reaction rate in these two reactions.

2.2 Catalytic action of pentamethyldipropylene triamine

As a tertiary amine catalyst, pentamethyldipropylene triamine mainly accelerates the polyurethane foaming reaction through the following two mechanisms:

Nucleophilic Catalysis: The nitrogen atoms in pentamethyldipropylene triamine have lone pairs of electrons and can form coordination bonds with carbon atoms in isocyanate, thereby reducing the reaction activation energy and accelerating the reaction rate.
Proton Transfer Catalysis: Pentamethyldipropylene triamine can promote the reaction of isocyanate with polyol or water through a proton transfer mechanism, further improving the reaction efficiency.

2.3 Comparison of catalytic efficiency

Penmethyldipropylene triamine exhibits higher catalytic efficiency in polyurethane foaming reactions compared with conventional catalysts. The following table compares the catalytic efficiency of several common catalysts:

Catalytic Type	Catalytic Efficiency (Relative Value)
Organotin compounds	1.0
Term amine catalysts	1.2
Penmethyldipropylenetriamine	1.5

Application fields of trimethoxydipropylene triamine

3.1 Building insulation materials

The application of pentamethyldipropylene triamine in building insulation materials is mainly reflected in the production of polyurethane hard bubbles. Its efficient catalytic performance can significantly shorten foaming time and improve production efficiency. At the same time, its environmentally friendly characteristics meet the green and environmental protection requirements of modern building materials.

3.2 Automobile interior materials

In automotive interior materials, polyurethane soft bubbles are widely used in seats, headrests, armrests and other parts. As a catalyst, pentamethyldipropylene triamine can not only improve foaming efficiency, but also improve the physical properties of foam, such as elasticity, durability, etc.

3.3 Furniture and appliances

Polyurethane foam materials in furniture and appliances are usually used inFill and buffer. The use of pentamethyldipropylene triamine can improve the uniformity and stability of the foam and extend the service life of the product.

3.4 Other fields

Pentamyldipropylene triamine can also be used in shoe materials, packaging materials, sports equipment and other fields. Its efficient catalytic performance and environmental protection characteristics make it have broad application prospects in these fields.

Product parameters of tetramethyldipropylene triamine

4.1 Product Specifications

The product specifications of pentamethyldipropylene triamine are shown in the following table:

parameters	value
Appearance	Colorless to light yellow liquid
Purity	≥99%
Moisture content	≤0.1%
Acne	≤0.1 mg KOH/g
Viscosity (25°C)	10-15 mPa·s

4.2 Recommendations for use

When using pentamethyldipropylene triamine, it is recommended to follow the following usage recommendations:

Addition amount: Usually the amount is 0.1%-0.5% of the total amount of polyurethane raw materials. The specific amount can be adjusted according to actual production needs.
Mixing method: It is recommended to add pentamethyldipropylene triamine to the polyol components and stir well.
Storage conditions: Store in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place to avoid direct sunlight and high temperatures.

4.3 Safety precautions

Although pentamethyldipropylene triamine is low in toxicity, the following safety matters should still be paid attention to during use:

Protective Measures: Wear protective gloves, goggles and protective clothing during operation to avoid direct contact with the skin and eyes.
Ventiation Conditions: Operate in a well-ventilated environment to avoid inhaling steam.
Emergency treatment: If you accidentally touch the skin or eyes, you should immediately rinse with a lot of clean water and seek medical help.

Advantages of Vanadium and Pentamethyldipropylene triamine

5.1 High-efficiency Catalysis

Penmethyldipropylene triamine exhibits efficient catalytic properties in polyurethane foaming reaction, which can significantly shorten the foaming time and improve production efficiency.

5.2 Environmental protection characteristics

Compared with traditional organotin catalysts, pentamethyldipropylene triamine has the characteristics of low toxicity and low volatility, has a small impact on the environment and human health, and meets the environmental protection requirements of modern industry.

5.3 Improve foam performance

The use of pentamethyldipropylene triamine can improve the physical properties of polyurethane foam, such as elasticity, durability, uniformity, etc., and improve the quality and market competitiveness of the product.

5.4 Wide application fields

Pentamethytripylene triamine is not only suitable for traditional polyurethane foaming materials, but also in emerging fields, such as new energy vehicles, green buildings, etc., with broad market prospects.

VI. Future development trends

6.1 Research and development of green catalysts

As the increasingly strict environmental protection regulations, the research and development of green catalysts will become an important direction in the polyurethane industry in the future. Pentamethyldipropylene triamine, as an environmentally friendly catalyst, will play an important role in this trend.

6.2 Development of multifunctional catalysts

The future catalysts need not only to have efficient catalytic properties, but also to have multiple functions, such as flame retardant, antibacterial, anti-aging, etc. The molecular structure of pentamethyldipropylene triamine is modifiable and a multifunctional catalyst is expected to be developed through chemical modification in the future.

6.3 Intelligent production

With the advancement of Industry 4.0, intelligent production will become the development trend of the polyurethane industry. The efficient catalytic performance of pentamethyldipropylene triamine will help to achieve intelligent control of the polyurethane foaming process and improve production efficiency and product quality.

Conclusion

N,N,N’,N”,N”-Pentamethdipropylene triamine, as an efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane foaming catalyst, has advantages such as efficient catalysis, environmentally friendly characteristics, and improved foam performance. It has a wide range of application prospects in the fields of construction, automobile, furniture, home appliances, etc. With the increasing stricter environmental regulations and the advancement of Industry 4.0, pentamethyldipropylene triamine will play an increasingly important role in the future polyurethane industry. Through continuous technological innovation and marketing promotion, pentamethyldipropylene triamine is expected to become the mainstream product of polyurethane foaming catalysts, promoting the sustainable development of the polyurethane industry.

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